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Which structures are components of the human brain?

  1. Medulla oblongata, cerebrum, cerebellum

  2. Heart, lungs, liver

  3. Stomach, intestines, pancreas

  4. Kidneys, bladder, urethra

The correct answer is: Medulla oblongata, cerebrum, cerebellum

The structures that are components of the human brain include the medulla oblongata, cerebrum, and cerebellum, all of which play critical roles in the central nervous system. The medulla oblongata is involved in regulating vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing. It is located at the base of the brain and connects the brain to the spinal cord. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for higher brain functions, including thought, action, and sensation. It is divided into two hemispheres and includes areas that handle sensory input and motor functions. The cerebellum, located under the cerebrum, is primarily responsible for coordination, balance, and the fine-tuning of motor activity. It helps the body maintain posture and movement. In contrast, the other options list organs that belong to different systems of the body. The heart, lungs, and liver are part of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems; the stomach, intestines, and pancreas are components of the digestive system; while the kidneys, bladder, and urethra make up the urinary system. These structures are essential for their respective functions but are not parts of the brain.