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What is formed when another sperm nucleus fuses with two polar bodies?

  1. Xylem

  2. Endosperm

  3. Germinating seed

  4. Pollen grain

The correct answer is: Endosperm

When another sperm nucleus fuses with two polar bodies, the result is the formation of endosperm. This process occurs during double fertilization, which is unique to angiosperms (flowering plants). In double fertilization, one sperm cell fertilizes the egg cell, forming the zygote, while the other sperm cell fuses with two polar nuclei present in the central cell of the ovule. This fusion produces the triploid endosperm, which serves as the nutrient-rich tissue needed to support the developing embryo within the seed. The other options do not relate to this specific fertilization process. Xylem is a type of vascular tissue involved in the transport of water and nutrients in plants, while a germinating seed refers to a seed that has begun to grow and develop into a new plant. Additionally, pollen grain is the male gametophyte in seed plants that carries sperm cells to fertilize ovules. None of these concepts directly connect to the fusion of a sperm nucleus with polar bodies, making endosperm the only correct choice in this context.